1 (a) Describe the following theories of learning and adaptation.

 (i)                Operant conditioning

 (ii)             Classical conditioning

 (b)   Explain the following concepts.

 (i)    Unconditional stimulus

 (ii) Unconditional response

 (iii)          Conditioned stimulus

 iv)          Conditioned response

 2.        Using relevant examples, differentiate between positive and negative reinforcement.